PERSECUTION






NAVE'S TOPICAL BIBLE:


PERSECUTION [E] [T]

OF JESUS 
Genesis 3:15
Psalms 2:1-5
Psalms 22:1,2,6-8,11-21
Psalms 69:1-21
Psalms 109:25
Isaiah 50:6
Isaiah 52:14
Isaiah 53:2-5,7-10
Micah 5:1
Matthew 2:13
Matthew 11:19
Matthew 12:14,24
Matthew 16:1
Matthew 20:22
Matthew 22:15
Matthew 26:3,4,14-16,59,67
Matthew 27:25-30,39-44
Mark 3:6,21,22
Mark 11:18
Mark 12:13
Mark 14:1,48,65
Mark 15:14,34
Mark 16:17
Luke 4:28,29
Luke 6:11
Luke 7:34
Luke 11:15,53,54
Luke 12:50
Luke 13:31
Luke 19:14,47
Luke 20:20
Luke 22:2-5,52,53,63-65
Luke 23:11,23
John 7:1,7,19,20,30,32
John 8:37,40,48,52,59
John 10:20,31,39
John 11:57
John 14:30
John 15:18,20,21,24,25
John 18:22,23,29,30
John 19:6,15
Acts 3:13-15
Acts 4:27
Acts 7:52
Acts 13:27-29
Hebrews 12:2,3
1 Peter 4:1

OF THE RIGHTEOUS 
Genesis 49:23
Job 1:9
Job 2:4,5
Job 12:4,5
Psalms 11:2
Psalms 37:32
Psalms 38:20
Psalms 42:3,10
Psalms 44:15-18,22
Psalms 56:5
Psalms 69:10,12
Psalms 74:7,8
Psalms 94:5
Psalms 119:51,61,69,78,85-87,95,110,157,161
Proverbs 29:10,27
Isaiah 29:20,21
Isaiah 51:12,13
Isaiah 59:15
Jeremiah 2:30
Jeremiah 11:19
Jeremiah 15:10
Jeremiah 18:18
Jeremiah 20:7,8
Jeremiah 26:11-14
Jeremiah 50:7
Amos 5:10
Habakkuk 1:13
Matthew 10:16-18,21-23,28
Matthew 20:22,23
Matthew 23:34,35
Matthew 24:8-10
Luke 6:22,23,26
Luke 17:33
Luke 21:12-19
John 15:18,19
John 16:1,2
John 17:14
Acts 4:16-20
Acts 5:29,40-42
Acts 7:52
Acts 8:4
Acts 28:22
Romans 8:17,35-37
1 Corinthians 4:9-13
1 Corinthians 13:3
2 Corinthians 6:4,5,8-10
2 Corinthians 11:23-27
2 Corinthians 12:10
Galatians 4:29
Galatians 6:12,17
Colossians 1:24
1 Thessalonians 1:6
1 Thessalonians 2:2,14,15
2 Thessalonians 1:4
2 Timothy 2:9-12
2 Timothy 3:2,3,12
2 Timothy 4:16,17
Hebrews 10:32-34
Hebrews 11:25-27,33-38
Hebrews 12:3,4
Hebrews 13:13
James 2:6
James 5:6,10
1 Peter 4:3,4,12-14,16,19
1 John 3:1,13
Revelation 2:3,10,13
Revelation 6:9-11
Revelation 7:13-17
Revelation 12:11
Revelation 17:6
Revelation 20:4

A mode of divine chastisement 
Lamentations 1:3

Diffuses the gospel 
Acts 8:1,4
Acts 11:19-21
Philippians 1:12-14

Deliverance from 
Psalms 124
Psalms 129:1,2

INSTANCES OF 

Of Abel 
Genesis 4:8
Matthew 23:35
1 John 3:12

Of Lot 
Genesis 19:9

Of Moses 
Exodus 2:15
Exodus 17:4

Of David 
Psalms 31:13
Psalms 59:1,2

Of prophets martyred by Jezebel 
1 Kings 18:4

Of Gideon 
Judges 6:28-32

Of Elijah 
1 Kings 18:10
1 Kings 19
2 Kings 1:9
2 Kings 2:23

Of Micaiah 
1 Kings 22:26
2 Chronicles 18:26

Of Elisha 
2 Kings 6:31

Of Hanani 
2 Chronicles 16:10

Of Zachariah 
2 Chronicles 24:21
Matthew 23:35

Of Job 
Job 13:4-13
Job 16:1-4
Job 17:2
Job 19:1-5
Job 30:1-10

Of Jeremiah 
Jeremiah 15:10,15
Jeremiah 17:15-18
Jeremiah 18:18-23
Jeremiah 26
Jeremiah 32:2
Jeremiah 33:1
Jeremiah 36:26
Jeremiah 37
Jeremiah 38:1-6

Of Urijah 
Jeremiah 26:23

Of prophets 
Matthew 21:35,36

Of the three Hebrew young men (Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego) of the captivity 
Daniel 3:8-23

Of Daniel 
Daniel 6

Of the Jews 
Ezra 4
Nehemiah 4

Of John the Baptist 
Matthew 14:3-12

Of James 
Acts 12:2

Of Simon 
Mark 15:21

Of the disciples 
John 9:22,34
John 20:19

Of Lazarus 
John 12:10

Of the apostles 
Acts 4:3-18
Acts 5:18-42
Acts 12:1-19
Revelation 1:9

Of Stephen 
Acts 6:9-15
Acts 7

Of the ekklesia (body of Christ) 
Acts 8:1
Acts 9:1-14
Galatians 1:13

Of Timothy 
Hebrews 13:23

Of John 
Revelation 1:9

Of Antipas 
Revelation 2:13

Of the congregation at Smyrna 
Revelation 2:8-10





EASTON'S BIBLE DICTIONARY:


PERSECUTION [N] [T]

The first great persecution for religious opinion of which we have any record was that which broke out against the worshippers of God among the Jews in the days of Ahab, when that king, at the instigation of his wife Jezebel, "a woman in whom, with the reckless and licentious habits of an Oriental queen, were united the fiercest and sternest qualities inherent in the old Semitic race", sought in the most relentless manner to extirpate the worship of Jehovah and substitute in its place the worship of Ashtoreth and Baal. Ahab's example in this respect was followed by Manasseh, who "shed innocent blood very much, till he had filled Jerusalem from one end to another" (2 Kings 21:16; comp. 24:4). In all ages, in one form or another, the people of God have had to suffer persecution. In its earliest history the Christian church passed through many bloody persecutions. Of subsequent centuries in our own and in other lands the same sad record may be made.

Christians are forbidden to seek the propagation of the gospel by force (Matt. 7:1; Luke 9:54-56; Rom. 14:4; James 4:11, 12). The words of Ps. 7:13, "He ordaineth his arrows against the persecutors," ought rather to be, as in the Revised Version, "He maketh his arrows fiery [shafts]."





TORREY'S TOPICAL TEXTBOOK:


PERSECUTION [E] [N]

Christ suffered 
Psalms 69:26
John 5:16

Christ voluntarily submitted to 
Isaiah 50:6

Christ was patient under 
Isaiah 53:7

Saints may expect 
Mark 10:30
Luke 21:12
John 15:20

Saints suffer, for the sake of God 
Jeremiah 15:15

Of saints, is a persecution of Christ 
Zechariah 2:8
Acts 9:4,5

All that live godly in Christ, shall suffer 
2 Timothy 3:12

ORIGINATES 

Ignorance of God and Christ 
John 16:3

Hated to God and Christ 
John 15:20,24

Hatred to the gospel 
Matthew 13:21

Pride 
Psalms 10:2

Mistaken zeal 
Acts 13:50
Acts 26:9-11

Is inconsistent with the spirit of the gospel 
Matthew 26:52

Men by nature addicted to 
Galatians 4:29

Preacher of the gospel subject to 
Galatians 5:11

Is sometimes to death 
Acts 22:4

God forsakes not his saints under 
2 Corinthians 4:9

God delivers out of 
Daniel 3:25,28
2 Corinthians 1:10
2 Timothy 3:11

Cannot separated from Christ 
Romans 8:35

Lawful means may be used to escape 
Matthew 2:13
Matthew 10:23
Matthew 12:14,15

SAINTS SUFFERING, SHOULD 

Commit themselves to God 
1 Peter 4:19

Exhibit patience 
1 Corinthians 4:12

Rejoice 
Matthew 5:12
1 Peter 4:13

Glorify God 
1 Peter 4:16

Pray for deliverance 
Psalms 7:1
Psalms 119:86

Pray for those who inflict 
Matthew 5:44

Return blessing for 
Romans 12:14

The hope of future blessedness supports under 
1 Corinthians 15:19,32
Hebrews 10:34,35

Blessedness of enduring, for Christ's sake 
Matthew 5:10
Luke 6:22

Pray for those suffering 
2 Thessalonians 3:2

Hypocrites cannot endure 
Matthew 4:17

False teachers shrink from 
Galatians 6:12

THE WICKED

Addicted to 
Psalms 10:2
Psalms 69:26

Active in 
Psalms 143:3
Lamentations 4:19

Encourage each other in 
Psalms 71:11

Rejoice in its success 
Psalms 13:4
Revelation 11:10

Punishment for 
Psalms 7:13
2 Thessalonians 1:6

Illustrated 
Matthew 21:33-39

Spirit of-Exemplified

Pharaoh &c 
Exodus 1:8-14

Saul 
1 Samuel 26:18

Jezebel 
1 Kings 19:2

Zedekiah &c 
Jeremiah 38:4-6

Chaldeans 
Daniel 3:8-30

Pharisees 
Matthew 12:14

Jews 
John 5:16
1 Thessalonians 2:15

Herod 
Acts 12:1

Gentiles 
Acts 14:5

Paul 
Philippians 3:6
1 Timothy 1:13

Suffering of-Exemplified

Micaiah 
1 Kings 22:27

David 
Psalms 119:161

Jeremiah 
Jeremiah 32:2

Daniel 
Daniel 6:5-17

Peter &c 
Acts 4:3

Apostles 
Acts 5:18

The Prophets 
Acts 7:52

The Church 
Acts 8:1

Paul and Barnabas 
Acts 13:50

Paul and Silas 
Acts 16:23

Hebrews 
Hebrews 10:33

Saints of old 
Hebrews 11:36




TREASURY OF SCRIPTURE KNOWLEDGE:


2Ti 3:12 Yea, and all that will live godly in Christ Jesus shall suffer persecution. 12 live. 2Cr 1:12,  1Ti 2:2,  1Ti 3:16,  1Ti 6:3,  Tts 1:1,  Tts 2:12,  2Pe 3:11,  shall. Jos 17:14,  Psa 37:12-15 Mat 5:10-12 Mat 10:22-25 Mat 16:24,  Mat 23:34,  Mar 10:30,  Luk 14:26,27 Jhn 15:19-21 Jhn 16:2,33 Jhn 17:14,  Act 14:22,  1Cr 15:19,  1Th 3:3,4 Hbr 11:32-38 1Pe 2:20,21 1Pe 3:14,  1Pe 4:12-16 1Pe 5:9,10 Rev 1:9,10 Rev 7:14,  Rev 12:4,7-10

Gal 5:11 And I, brethren, if I yet preach circumcision, why do I yet suffer persecution? then is the offence of the cross ceased. 11 if. Gal 2:3,  Act 16:3,  why. Gal 4:29,  Act 6:12,17 Act 21:21,28 Act 22:21,22 Act 23:13,14 1Cr 15:30,  2Cr 11:23-26 the offence. Isa 8:14,  Rom 9:32,33 1Cr 1:18,23 1Pe 2:8,9

Gal 6:12 As many as desire to make a fair shew in the flesh, they constrain you to be circumcised; only lest they should suffer persecution for the cross of Christ. 12 as desire. Gal 6:13,  Mat 6:2,5,16 Mat 23:5,28 Luk 16:15,  Luk 20:47,  Jhn 7:18,  2Cr 10:12,  2Cr 11:13,  Phl 1:15,  Phl 2:4,  Col 2:23,  they constrain. Gal 2:3,14 Act 15:1,5 lest. Gal 5:11,  Phl 3:18, 

Lam 5:5 Our necks [are] under persecution: we labour, [and] have no rest. 5 Our necks are under persecution. Heb. On our necks are we persecuted. Lam 1:14,  Lam 4:19,  Deu 28:48,65,66 Jer 27:2,8,11,12 Jer 28:14,  Mat 11:29,  Act 15:10,  labour. Neh 9:36,37 

Mar 4:17 And have no root in themselves, and so endure but for a time: afterward, when affliction or persecution ariseth for the word's sake, immediately they are offended. 17 have. Mar 4:5,6 Job 19:28,  Job 27:8-10 Mat 12:31,  Luk 12:10,  Jhn 8:31,  Jhn 15:2-7 2Ti 1:15,  2Ti 2:17,18 2Ti 4:10,  1Jo 2:19,  when. Mat 11:6,  Mat 13:21,  Mat 24:9,10 1Cr 10:12,13 Gal 6:12,  1Th 3:3-5 2Ti 4:16,  Hbr 10:29,  Rev 2:10,13

Mat 13:21 Yet hath he not root in himself, but dureth for a while: for when tribulation or persecution ariseth because of the word, by and by he is offended. 21 root. Mat 13:6,  Mat 7:22,23,26,27 Job 19:28,  Pro 12:3,12 Luk 8:13,  Jhn 6:26,61-65 Jhn 6:70,71 Jhn 15:5-7 Act 8:21-23 Gal 5:6,  Gal 6:15,  Eph 3:17,  2Pe 1:8,9 1Jo 2:19,20 dureth. Mat 10:22,  1Jo 24:13,  Job 27:8-10 Psa 36:3,  Hsa 6:4,  Rom 2:7,  Phl 1:6,  1Pe 1:5,  for. Mat 5:10-12 1Pe 10:37-39 1Pe 16:24-26 Mar 4:17,  Mar 8:34-36 Mar 13:12,13 Luk 9:23-25 Luk 14:26-33 Luk 21:12-18 Jhn 12:25,26 Gal 6:12,  2Ti 4:10,  Hbr 10:35-39 Rev 2:13,  is. Mat 13:57,  Rev 11:6,  Rev 24:9,10 Rev 26:31,33 2Ti 1:15

Rom 8:35 Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? [shall] tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword? 35 shall separate. Rom 8:39,  Psa 103:17,  Jer 31:3,  Jhn 10:28,  Jhn 13:1,  2Th 2:13,14,16 Rev 1:5,  shall tribulation. Rom 8:17,  Rev 5:3-5 Mat 5:10-12 Mat 10:28-31 Luk 21:12-18 Jhn 16:33,  Act 14:22,  Act 20:23,24 2Cr 4:17,  2Cr 6:4-10 2Cr 11:23-27 2Ti 1:12,  2Ti 4:16-18 Hbr 12:3-11 Jam 1:2-4 1Pe 1:5-7 1Pe 4:12-14 Rev 7:14-17





STRONG'S EXHAUSTIVE CONCORDANCE:


Search word: Persecution [E] [N] [T] 
Word found in 10 verse(s)

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2 Timothy 3:12
Yea, and all that will live godly in Christ Jesus shall suffer persecution (5701). 

Acts 8:1
And Saul was consenting unto his death. And at that time there was a great persecution against the church which was at Jerusalem; and they were all scattered abroad throughout the regions of Judaea and Samaria, except the apostles. 

Acts 11:19
Now they which were scattered abroad upon the persecution that arose about Stephen travelled as far as Phenice, and Cyprus, and Antioch, preaching the word to none but unto the Jews only. 

Acts 13:50
But the Jews stirred up the devout and honourable women, and the chief men of the city, and raised persecution against Paul and Barnabas, and expelled them out of their coasts. 

Galatians 5:11
And I, brethren, if I yet preach circumcision, why do I yet suffer persecution (5743)? then is the offence of the cross ceased (5769). 

Galatians 6:12
As many as desire to make a fair shew in the flesh, they constrain you to be circumcised (5745); only lest they should suffer persecution for the cross of Christ. 

Lamentations 5:5
Our necks [are] under persecution (8738): we labour (8804), [and] have no rest (8717). 

Mark 4:17
And have no root in themselves, and so endure but for a time: afterward, when affliction or persecution ariseth for the word's sake, immediately they are offended (5743). 

Matthew 13:21
Yet hath he not root in himself, but dureth for a while: for when tribulation or persecution ariseth because of the word, by and by he is offended (5743). 

Romans 8:35
Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? [shall] tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword?





WESLEY'S EXPLANATORY NOTES:


1 Corinthians Chapter 7

1Co 7:8
Verse 8. It is good for them if they remain even as I -That
St. Paul was then single is certain and from (Acts 7:58),
compared with the following parts of the history, it seems
probable that he always was so. It does not appear that this
declaration, any more than (1 Corinthians 7:1), hath any reference at
all to a state of persecution.

1Co 7:26
Verses 26, 27. This is good for the present distress -While any
church is under persecution. For a man to continue as he is 
-Whether married or unmarried. St. Paul does not here urge
the present distress as a reason for celibacy, any more than
for marriage; but for a man's not seeking to alter his state,
whatever it be, but making the best of it.

1Co 7:34
Verse 34. There is a difference also between a wife and a
virgin -Whether the church be under persecution or not. The
unmarried woman -If she know and use her privilege. Careth
only for the things of the Lord -All her time, care, and
thoughts centre in this, how she may be holy both in body
and spirit . This is the standing advantage of a single life,
in all ages and nations. But who makes a suitable use of it?


Revelation Chapter 12

Re 12:11
Verse 11. And they have overcome him -Carried the cause against
him. By the blood of the Lamb -Which cleanses the soul from all
sin, and so leaves no room for accusing. And by the word of
their testimony -The word of God, which they believed and
testified, even unto death. So, for instance, died Olam, king
of Sweden, in the year 900, whom his own subjects would have
compelled to idolatry; and, upon his refusal, slew as a sacrifice
to the idol which he would not worship. So did multitudes of
Bohemian Christians, in the year 916, when queen Drahomire raised
a severe persecution, wherein many "loved not their lives unto
the death."

Re 12:13
Verse 13. And when the dragon saw -That be could no longer
accuse the saints in heaven, he turned his wrath to do all
possible mischief on earth. He persecuted the woman -The
ancient persecutions of the church were mentioned,
(Revelation 1:9,); but this persecution came after
her flight, verse 6, (Revelation 12:6) just at the beginning of the
third woe. Accordingly, in the tenth and eleventh centuries, the
church was furiously persecuted by several heathen powers. In
Prussia, king Adelbert was killed in the year 997, king Brunus
in 1008; and when king Stephen encouraged Christianity in Hungary,
he met with violent opposition. After his death, the heathens in
Hungary set themselves to root it out, and prevailed for several
years. About the same time, the army of the emperor, Henry the
Third, was totally overthrown by the Vandals. These, and all
the accounts of those times, show with what fury the dragon then
persecuted the woman.

Re 12:14
Verse 14. And there were given to the woman the two wings
of the great eagle, that she might fly into the wilderness
to her place -Eagles are the usual symbols of great potentates.
So (Ezekiel 17:3), by "a great eagle', means the king of Babylon.
Here the great eagle is the Roman empire; the two wings , the
eastern and western branches of it. A place in the wilderness
was mentioned in the sixth verse also; (Revelation 12:6) but it is
not the same which is mentioned here.
In the text there follow one after the other,
1. The dragon's waiting to devour the child.
2. The birth of the child, which is caught up to God.
3. The fleeing of the woman into the wilderness.
4. The war in heaven, and the casting out of the dragon.
5. The beginning of the third woe.
6. The persecution raised by the dragon against the woman.
7. The woman's flying away upon the eagle's wings.
In like manner there follow one after the other,
1. The beginning of the twelve hundred and sixty days.
2. The beginning of the little time.
3. The beginning of the time, times, and half a time.
This third period partly coincides both with the first and the
second. After the beginning of the twelve hundred and sixty
days, or rather of the third woe, Christianity was exceedingly
propagated, in the midst of various persecutions. About the
year 948 it was again settled in Denmark; in 965, in Poland and
Silesia; in 980, through all Russia. In 997 it was brought
into Hungary; into Sweden and Norway, both before and after.
Transylvania received it about 1000; and, soon after, other
parts of Dacia.
Now, all the countries in which Christianity was settled between
the beginning of the twelve hundred and sixty days, and the
imprisonment of the dragon, may be understood by the wilderness ,
and by her place in particular. This place contained many
countries; so that Christianity now reached, in an uninterrupted
tract, from the eastern to the western empire; and both the
emperors now lent their wings to the woman, and provided a
safe abode for her. Where she is fed -By God rather than man;
having little human help. For a time, and times, and half a
time -The length of the several periods here mentioned seems to
be nearly this:-


Revelation Chapter 13

Re 13:2
Verse 2. The three first beasts in Daniel are like "a
leopard," "a bear," and "a lion." In all parts, except his
feet and mouth, this beast was like a leopard or female
panther; which is fierce as a lion or bear, but is also swift
and subtle. Such is the Papacy, which has partly by
subtilty, partly by force, gained power over so many nations.
The extremely various usages, manners, and ways of the Pope,
may likewise be compared to the spots of the leopard. And
his feet were as the feet of a bear -Which are very strong,
and armed with sharp claws. And, as clumsy as they seem, he
can therewith walk, stand upright, climb, or seize anything.
So does this beast seize and take for his prey whatever comes
within the reach of his claws. And his mouth was as the mouth
of a lion -To roar, and to devour. And the dragon -Whose vassal
and vicegerent he is. Gave him his power -His own strength and
innumerable forces. And his throne -So that he might command
whatever he would, having great , absolute authority . The
dragon had his throne in heathen Rome, so long as idolatry
and persecution reigned there. And after he was disturbed in
his possession, yet would he never wholly resign, till he
gave it to the beast in Christian Rome, so called.

Re 13:15
Verse 15. So that the image of the wild beast should speak 
-Many instances of this kind have been already among the
Papists, as well as the heathens. And as many as will not
worship -When it is required of them; as it will be of all
that buy or sell. Shall be killed -By this the Pope manifests
that he is antichrist, directly contrary to Christ. It is
Christ who shed his own blood; it is antichrist who sheds the
blood of others. And yet, it seems, his last and most cruel
persecution is to come. This persecution, the reverse of all
that preceded, will, as we may gather from many scriptures, fall
chiefly on the outward court worshippers, the formal Christians.
It is probable that few real, inward Christians shall perish by
it: on the contrary, those who "watch and pray always" shall be
"accounted worthy to escape all these things, and to stand
before the Son of man," (Luke 21:36).


Daniel Chapter 7

7:24 
ten horns--answering to the ten "toes" (Daniel 2:41).

out of this kingdom--It is out of the fourth kingdom that ten others arise, whatever exterior territory any of them possess (Revelation 13:1 17:12).

rise after them--yet contemporaneous with them; the ten are contemporaries. Antichrist rises after their rise, at first "little" (Daniel 7:8); but after destroying three of the ten, he becomes greater than them all (Daniel 7:20,21). The three being gone, he is the eighth (compare Revelation 17:11); a distinct head, and yet "of the seven." As the previous world kingdoms had their representative heads (Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar; Persia, Cyrus; Greece, Alexander), so the fourth kingdom and its Antichrists shall have their evil concentrated in the one final Antichrist. As Antiochus Epiphanes, the Antichrist of the third kingdom in Daniel was the personal enemy of God, so the final Antichrist of the fourth kingdom, his antitype. The Church has endured a pagan and a papal persecution; there remains for her an infidel persecution, general, purifying, and cementing (CECIL). He will not merely, as Popery, substitute himself for Christ in Christ's name, but "deny the Father and the Son" (1 John 2:22). The persecution is to continue up to Christ's second coming (Daniel 7:21,22); the horn of blasphemy cannot therefore be past; for now there is almost a general cessation of persecution.

they--the saints.

given into his hand--to be persecuted.

half a year:1260 days (Revelation 12:6,14); forty-two months (Revelation 11:2,3). That literally three and a half years are to be the term of Antichrist's persecution is favored by Daniel 4:16,23, where the year-day theory would be impossible. If the Church, moreover, had been informed that 1260 years must elapse before the second advent, the attitude of expectancy which is inculcated (Luke 12:38 1Co 1:7 1 Thessalonians 1:9,10 2Pe 3:12) on the ground of the uncertainty of the time, would be out of place. The original word for "time" denotes a stated period or set feast; or the interval from one set feast to its recurrence, that is, a year (TREGELLES); Leviticus 23:4, "seasons"; Leviticus 23:44, "feasts." The passages in favor of the year-day theory are Ezekiel 4:6, where each day of the forty during which Ezekiel lay on his right side is defined by God as meaning a year. Compare Numbers where a year of wandering in the wilderness was appointed for each day of the forty during which the spies searched Canaan; but the days were, in these two cases, merely the type or reason for the years, which were announced as they were to be fulfilled. In the prophetic part of Numbers 14:34 "years" are literal. If the year-day system was applied to them, they would be 14,400 years! In Ezekiel if day meant year, Ezekiel would have lain on his right side forty years! The context here in Daniel 7:24,25, is not symbolical. Antichrist is no longer called a horn, but a king subduing three out of ten kings (no longer horns, Daniel 7:7,8). So in Daniel 12:7, where "time, times, and half a time," again occurs, nothing symbolic occurs in the context. So that there is no reason why the three and a half years should be so. For the first four centuries the "days" were interpreted literally; a mystical meaning of the 1260 days then began. WALTER BRUTE first suggested the year-day theory in the end of the fourteenth century. The seventy years of the Babylonian captivity foretold by Jeremiah (Jeremiah 25:12 29:10) were understood by Daniel (Daniel 9:2) as literal years, not symbolical, which would have been 25,200 years! (TREGELLES). It is possible that the year-day and day-day theories are both true. The seven (symbolical) times of the Gentile monarchies (Leviticus 26:24) during Israel's casting off will end in the seven years of Antichrist. The 1260 years of papal misrule in the name of Christ may be represented by three and a half years of open Antichristianity and persecution before the millennium. Witnessing churches may be succeeded by witnessing individuals, the former occupying the longer, the latter the shorter period (Revelation 11:3). The beginning of the 1260 years is by ELLIOTT set at A.D. 529 or 533, when Justinian's edict acknowledged Pope John II to be head of the Church; by LUTHER, at 606, when Phocas confirmed Justinian's grant. But 752 is the most likely date, when the temporal dominion of the popes began by Pepin's grant to Stephen II (for Zachary, his predecessor's recognition of his title to France), confirmed by Charlemagne. For it was then first that the little horn plucked up three horns, and so became the prolongation of the fourth secular kingdom (NEWTON). This would bring us down to about A.D. 2000, or the seventh thousand millenary from creation. But CLINTON makes about 1862 the seventh millenary, which may favor the dating from A.D. 529.





JAMIESON, FAUSSET AND BROWN'S COMMENTARY:


Revelation Chapter 11

11:2 
But--Greek, "And."

leave out--of thy measurement, literally, "cast out"; reckon as unhallowed.

it--emphatic. It is not to be measured; whereas the Holy Place is.

given--by God's appointment.

unto the Gentiles--In the wider sense, there are meant here "the times of the Gentiles," wherein Jerusalem is "trodden down of the Gentiles," as the parallel, Luke 21:24, proves; for the same word is used here [Greek, "patein"], "tread under foot." Compare also Psalms 79:1 Isa 63:18.

"time, times, and half" (Revelation 12:14); and Revelation 11:3, and Revelation 12:6, the woman a fugitive in the wilderness "a thousand two hundred and threescore days." In the wider sense, we may either adopt the year-day theory of 1260 years (on which, and the papal rule of 1260 years, see on Daniel 7:25; Daniel 8:14; Daniel 12:11), or rather, regard the 2300 days (Daniel 8:14), 1335 days (Daniel 12:11,12). 1290 days, and 1260 days, as symbolical of the long period of the Gentile times, whether dating from the subversion of the Jewish theocracy at the Babylonian captivity (the kingdom having been never since restored to Israel), or from the last destruction of Jerusalem under Titus, and extending to the restoration of the theocracy at the coming of Him "whose right it is"; the different epochs marked by the 2300, 1335, 1290, and 1260 days, will not be fully cleared up till the grand consummation; but, meanwhile, our duty and privilege urge us to investigate them. Some one of the epochs assigned by many may be right but as yet it is uncertain. The times of the Gentile monarchies during Israel's seven times punishment, will probably, in the narrower sense (Revelation 11:2), be succeeded by the much more restricted times of the personal Antichrist's tyranny in the Holy Land. The long years of papal misrule may be followed by the short time of the man of sin who shall concentrate in himself all the apostasy, persecution, and evil of the various forerunning Antichrists, Antiochus, Mohammed, Popery, just before Christ's advent. His time shall be THE RECAPITULATION and open consummation of the "mystery of iniquity" so long leavening the world. Witnessing churches may be followed by witnessing individuals, the former occupying the longer, the latter, the shorter period. The three and a half (1260 days being three and a half years of three hundred sixty days each, during which the two witnesses prophesy in sackcloth) is the sacred number seven halved, implying the Antichristian world-power's time is broken at best; it answers to the three and a half years' period in which Christ witnessed for the truth, and the Jews, His own people, disowned Him, and the God-opposed world power crucified Him (compare Note, see on Daniel 9:27). The three and a half, in a word, marks the time in which the earthly rules over the heavenly kingdom. It was the duration of Antiochus' treading down of the temple and persecution of faithful Israelites. The resurrection of the witnesses after three and a half days, answers to Christ's resurrection after three days. The world power's times never reach the sacred fulness of seven times three hundred sixty, that is, 2520, though they approach to it in 2300 (Daniel 8:14). The forty-two months answer to Israel's forty-two sojournings (Numbers 33:1-50) in the wilderness, as contrasted with the sabbatic rest in Canaan: reminding the Church that here, in the world wilderness, she cannot look for her sabbatic rest. Also, three and a half years was the period of the heaven being shut up, and of consequent famine, in Elias' time. Thus, three and a half represented to the Church the idea of toil, pilgrimage, and persecution.

11:12 
they--so A, C, and Vulgate. But B, Coptic, Syriac, and ANDREAS read, "I heard."

a cloud--Greek, "the cloud"; which may be merely the generic expression for what we are familiar with, as we say "the clouds." But I prefer taking the article as definitely alluding to THE cloud which received Jesus at His ascension, Acts (where there is no article, as there is no allusion to a previous cloud, such as there is here). As they resembled Him in their three and a half years' witnessing, their three and a half days lying in death (though not for exactly the same time, nor put in a tomb as He was), so also in their ascension is the translation and transfiguration of the sealed of Israel (Revelation 7:1-8), and the elect of all nations, caught up out of the reach of the Antichristian foe. In Revelation 14:14-16, He is represented as sitting on a white cloud.

their enemies beheld them--and were thus openly convicted by God for their unbelief and persecution of His servants; unlike Elijah's ascension formerly, in the sight of friends only. The Church caught up to meet the Lord in the air, and transfigured in body, is justified by her Lord before the world, even as the man-child (Jesus) was "caught up unto God and His throne" from before the dragon standing ready to devour the woman's child as soon as born.

11:14 
The second woe--that under the sixth trumpet (Revelation 9:12-21), including also the prophecy, Revelation 11:1-13: Woe to the world, joy to the faithful, as their redemption draweth nigh.

the third woe cometh quickly--It is not mentioned in detail for the present, until first there is given a sketch of the history of the origination, suffering, and faithfulness of the Church in a time of apostasy and persecution. Instead of the third woe being detailed, the grand consummation is summarily noticed, the thanksgiving of the twenty-four elders in heaven for the establishment of Christ's kingdom on earth, attended with the destruction of the destroyers of the earth.


Citings: 


1. Orville J. Nave, A.M., D.D., LL.D; The New Naves Topical Bible. 
Hendrickson, ISBN 0-917006-02-X.
2. Jerome H. Smith; The New Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge. 
Nashville, Tennessee:Lawson Falle, Ltd.
3. James Strong, LL.D, S.T.D.; The New Strong's Exhaustive Concord-
ance of the Bible. Nashville, Tennessee: Thomas,Nelson Publishers.
4. All of the books cited are located at GOSHEN Bible Study Tools/Online 
Study Library(c). Address: http://www.biblestudytools.net/
5. [Translators]*; King James Version (KJV). London by Robert Barker, 1611.

        * List of translators for the King James Version(KJV) of the Bible:

          First Westminster Committee: Second Westminster Committee:      10 people.
          Oxford Old Testament Committee: Oxford New Testament Committee:  8 people.
          First Cambridge Committee: Second Cambridge Committee:           8 people.






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