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  • TSK - JUDGES 18

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      1  The Danites send five men to seek out an inheritance.
     3  At the house of Micah they consult with Jonathan, and are
        encouraged on their way.
     7  They search Laish, and bring back news of good hope.
    11  Six hundred men are sent to surprise it.
    14  In their way they rob Micah of his priest and his
        consecrated things.
    27  They win Laish, and call it Dan.
    30  They set up idolatry, wherein Jonathan inherits the
        priesthood.
    
    
    VERSE 1
    - no king.
      The word {mailech,} which generally means a king, is sometimes
      taken for a supreme ruler, governor, or judge (see Ge 36:31.
      De 33:5;) and it is probable it should be so understood here,
      and in the parallel passages.
    
       * Jud 17:6; 19:1; 21:25
    - the tribe.
       * Jos 19:40-48
    - for unto.
       * Jud 1:34
    
    
    VERSE 2 
     - men.  Heb. sons.  Zorah.
       * :8,11; 13:2,25; 16:31 Ge 42:9 Jos 19:41
    - to spy.
       * Nu 13:17 Jos 2:1 Pr 20:18 Lu 14:31
    - mount.
       * Jud 17:1; 19:1,18 Jos 17:15-18
    
    
    VERSE 3 
     - they knew.
      They knew by his dialect or mode of pronunciation, that he was
      not an Ephraimite:  see the parallel texts.
    
       * Jud 12:6 Ge 27:22 Mt 26:73
    - and what hast.
       * Isa 22:16
    
    
    VERSE 4 
     - hired me.
       * Jud 17:10 Pr 28:21 Isa 56:11 Eze 13:19 Ho 4:8,9 Mal 1:10
       * Joh 10:12,13 Ac 8:18-21; 20:33 1Ti 3:3 Tit 1:11 2Pe 2:3,14,15
    
    
    VERSE 5 
     - Ask counsel.
       * 1Ki 22:5 2Ki 16:15 Isa 30:1 Eze 21:21 Ho 4:12 Ac 8:10
    - of God.
       * :14; 17:5,13
    
    
    VERSE 6 
     - Go in peace.
       * 1Ki 22:6,12,15 Jer 23:21,22,32
    - before.
       * De 11:12 Ps 33:18 1Th 3:11
    - the Lord.
      As the Levite uses the word Jehovah, and as the Danites
      succeeded according to the oracle delivered by him, some
      learned men are of opinion, that the worship established by
      Micah was not of an idolatrous kind.
    
    
    VERSE 7 
     - Laish.
       * Jos 19:47
    - called Leshem.  how they.
       * :27,28 Re 18:7
    - civil officer.  Heb. possessor, or, heir of restraint.
       * 1Sa 3:13 1Ki 1:6 Ro 13:3 1Pe 2:14
    - and had no.
      In the most correct copies of the LXX. this clause stands
      thus;  [kai logos ouk en autois meta Syrias;] "and they had no
      transactions with Syria;" evidently reading instead of ['ƒdƒm
      <\\See definition 0120\\> from "Strong's #120h"] {adam,} man,
      ['Arƒm <\\See definition 0758\\> from "Strong's #758h"]
      {aram,} Syria; words so nearly similar that the only
      difference between them is in the [Rˆysh,] {raish,} and
      [Dƒleth,] daleth, which in both MSS. and printed books is
      sometimes indiscernible.  Laish was situated on the frontiers
      of Syria.
    
    
    VERSE 8 
     - Zorah and Eshtaol.
       * :2,11; 13:2; 16:31
    
    
    VERSE 9 
     - Arise.
       * Nu 13:30; 14:7-9 Jos 2:23,24
    - are ye still.
       * 1Ki 22:23
    - be not.
       * Jos 18:3 1Sa 4:9 2Sa 10:12 Joh 6:27 Heb 6:11,12 2Pe 1:10,11
    
    
    VERSE 10 
     - secure.
       * :7,27
    - God hath.
       * De 2:29; 4:1 Jos 6:16
    - where there.
       * Ex 3:8 De 8:7-9; 11:11,12 Eze 20:6 1Ti 6:17
    
    
    VERSE 11 
     - appointed.  Heb. girded.
       * :11
    
    
    VERSE 12 
     - Kirjath-jearim.
      A city of Judah, on the confines of Benjamin; distant nine
      miles from 'lia or Jerusalem, in going towards Diospolis or
      Lydda, according to Eusebius.
    
       * Jos 15:60 1Sa 7:1 1Ch 13:5,6 2Ch 1:4
    - Mahaneh-dan.
       * Jud 13:25 *marg:
    
    
    VERSE 13 
     - mount Ephraim.
       * :2,3; 17:1; 19:1 Jos 24:30,33
    
    
    VERSE 14 
     - Then.
       * 1Sa 14:28
    - in these.
       * :3,4; 17:5
    - now therefore.
       * Pr 19:27 Isa 8:19,20
    
    
    VERSE 15 
     - saluted him.  Heb. asked him of peace.
       * Ge 37:14; 43:27 1Sa 17:22 *marg:
       * 2Ki 4:26 Mt 10:12,13 Lu 10:4-6 Joh 14:27
    
    
    VERSE 16 
     - six hundred.
       * :11
    
    
    VERSE 17 
     - five men.
       * :2,14
    - the graven.
       * Jud 6:31; 17:4,5 Ex 32:20 1Sa 4:11; 6:2-9 2Ki 19:18,19 Isa 46:1,2,7
    
    VERSE 18
    
    
    VERSE 19 
     - lay thine.
      This was the token of silence.  These men were evidently very
      ignorant; and absurdly concluded that they should, by taking
      Micah's gods, secure the presence and favor of the God of
      Israel, in their expedition and settlement.  They perhaps
      supposed the piety of their motives, and the goodness of their
      end, would justify the means.  But it was a base robbery of
      Micah, aggravated by the Levite's ingratitude, and their
      menaces.
    
       * Job 21:5; 29:9; 40:4,5 Pr 30:32 Mic 7:16
    - a father.
       * Jud 17:10 2Ki 6:21; 8:8,9; 13:14 Mt 23:9
    
    
    VERSE 20 
     - heart.
       * Jud 17:10 Pr 30:15 Isa 56:11 Eze 13:19 Ho 4:3 Ac 20:33 Php 3:19
       * 2Pe 2:3,15,16
    - went.
      He was glad of his preferment among the Danites; and went into
      the crowd, that he might not be discovered by Micah or his
      family.
    
    
    VERSE 21 
     - and put.
      These men were so confident of success, that they removed
      their whole families, household goods, cattle, and all.
    
    - the carriage.
      {Kevoodah,} from {kavad,} to be heavy, denotes the luggage or
      baggage.
    
       * :21
    
    VERSE 22
    
    
    VERSE 23 
     - What aileth.
       * Ge 21:17 1Sa 11:5 2Sa 14:5 2Ki 6:28 Ps 114:5 Isa 22:1
    - comest.  Heb. art gathered together.
    
    
    VERSE 24 
     - what have.
       * Jud 17:13 Ps 115:8 Isa 44:18-20 Jer 50:38; 51:17 Eze 23:5
       * Hab 2:18,19 Ac 19:26 Re 17:2
    
    
    VERSE 25 
     - angry.  Heb. bitter of soul.
       * 1Sa 30:6 2Sa 17:8 Job 3:5; 27:2 *marg:
    
    VERSE 26
    
    
    VERSE 27 
     - Laish.
       * :7,10
    - they smote.
       * De 33:22 Jos 19:47
    - burnt.
       * Jos 11:11
    
    
    VERSE 28 
     - And there.
       * 2Sa 14:6 *marg:
       * Ps 7:2; 50:22 Da 3:15-17
    - far from.
      Probably the people of Laish were originally a colony of the
      Zidonians; who being an opulent people, and in possession of a
      strong city, lived in a state of security, not being afraid of
      their neighbors.  In this the Leshemites imitated them,
      though they appear not to have had the same reason for their
      confidence; and though they might naturally expect help from
      their countrymen, yet as they lived at a considerable distance
      from Sidon, the Danites saw they could strike the blow before
      the news of the invasion could reach that city.
    
       * :1,7 Jos 11:8 Isa 23:4,12
    - Beth-rehob.
       * Nu 13:21
    - Rehob.
       * 2Sa 10:6
    
    
    VERSE 29 
     - Dan.
       * Jud 20:1 Ge 14:14 Jos 19:47 2Sa 17:11 1Ki 12:29,30; 15:20
    - who was.
       * Ge 30:6; 32:28
      Laish, or Dan, was situated at the northern extremity of the
      land of Canaan, in a beautiful and fertile plain, at the foot
      of mount Lebanon, on the springs of Jordan, and, according to
      Eusebius, four miles from C'sarea Philippi, or Paneas, now
      Banias, (with which some have confounded it,) towards Tyre.
      Burckhardt says, that the source of the river El Dhan, or
      Jordan, is at an hour's distance from Banias, which agrees
      with Eusebius.
    
    
    VERSE 30 
     - set up.
       * Ex 20:4 Le 26:1 De 17:2-7; 27:15; 31:16,29 Jos 19:40-48
       * Ps 78:58-61
      God had graciously performed his promise, in putting these
      Danites in possession of that which fell to their lot,
      obliging them thereby to be faithful to him who had been so to
      them; they inherited the labor of the people, that they might
      observe his statues.  Ps 105:44, 45.  But the first thing they
      do after they are settled is to break his laws, by setting up
      the graven image, attributing their success to that idol,
      which, if God had not been infinitely patient, would have been
      their ruin.  Thus a prosperous idolater goes on to offend,
      imputing this his power unto his God.  Instead of Manasseh,
      some would read Moses; as it is found in some MSS., in the
      Vulgate and in the concessions of the most intelligent Jews.
      But Bp. Patrick takes this to be an idle conceit of the
      Rabbins, and supposes this Jonathan to be of some other family
      of the Levites.  Yet Kimchi acknowledges, that the Jews,
      deeply concerned for the honor of their lawgiver, to whom
      they thought it would be a great dishonor to have a grandson
      who was an idolater, suspended the letter, [N-wn,] {noon,}
      over the word [M"sheh <\\See definition 04872 & 04873\\> from
      "Strong's #'s 4872h & 4873h"] Moses, thus [Menashsheh <\\See\\
      \\definition 04519\\> from "Strong's #4519h",] as it is found
      in the Hebrew Bibles; which, by means of the points, they have
      changed into Manasseh.
    
    - until.
       * Jud 13:1 1Sa 4:2,3,10,11 Ps 78:60-62
    - the land.
      Houbigant contends, that, instead of {ha„retz,} "the land," we
      should read {ha„ron,} "the ark;" for the [Vƒv,] {wav,} and
      [N-wn, {noon final,} might easily be mistaken for [Tsƒdˆy,]
      {tzadday final;} which is the only difference between the two
      words.  This conjecture is the more likely, as the next verse
      tells us, that Micah's graven image continued at Dan "all the
      time that the house of God was at Shiloh;" which was till the
      ark was taken by the Philistines.
    
    
    VERSE 31 
     - all the time.
       * Jud 19:18; 21:21 Jos 18:1 1Sa 1:3; 4:4 Jer 7:12
    
    
    
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