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PARALLEL BIBLE - Galatians 4:29


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King James Bible - Galatians 4:29

But as then he that was born after the flesh persecuted him that was born after the Spirit, even so it is now.

World English Bible

But as then, he who was born according to the flesh persecuted him who was born according to the Spirit, so also it is now.

Douay-Rheims - Galatians 4:29

But as then he, that was born according to the flesh, persecuted him that was after the spirit; so also it is now.

Webster's Bible Translation

But as then he that was born according to the flesh persecuted him that was born according to the Spirit, even so it is now.

Greek Textus Receptus


αλλ
235 ωσπερ 5618 τοτε 5119 ο 3588 κατα 2596 σαρκα 4561 γεννηθεις 1080 5685 εδιωκεν 1377 5707 τον 3588 κατα 2596 πνευμα 4151 ουτως 3779 και 2532 νυν 3568

Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge

VERSE (29) -
Ge 21:9

SEV Biblia, Chapter 4:29

Pero como entonces el que era engendrado segn la carne, perseguía al que había nacido segn el Espíritu, así tambin ahora.

Clarke's Bible Commentary - Galatians 4:29

Verse 29. But as then he]
Ishmael, who was born after the flesh - whose birth had nothing supernatural in it, but was according to the ordinary course of nature, Persecuted him] Isaac, who was born after the Spirit - who had a supernatural birth, according to the promise, and through the efficacy, of the Holy Spirit, giving effect to that promise-Sarah shall have a son, Gen. xvii. 16-21; xxi. 1, &c.

Persecuted him; the persecution here referred to is that mentioned Gen. xxi. 9. It consisted in mocking his brother Isaac.

Even so it is now.] So the Jews, in every place, persecute the Christians; and show thereby that they are rather of the posterity of Hagar than of Sarah.


John Gill's Bible Commentary

Ver. 29. But as then , etc..] In the times of Abraham, when Hagar and Sarah, the types of the two dispensations of the covenant, and Ishmael and Isaac, the figures of the two different seeds, the natural and spiritual seed of Abraham, legalists and true believers, were living: he that was born after the flesh ; which was Ishmael, who was a type, or an allegorical representation of such who were under the Sinai covenant, and were seeking for righteousness by the works of the law; as he was born after the flesh, according to the ordinary course of nature, and was, as he was born, a carnal man; so are self-justiciaries, notwithstanding all their pretensions to religion and righteousness, just as they were born; there is nothing but flesh in them; they are without God, and Christ, and the Spirit, and have neither true faith, nor hope, nor love, not any other grace; they have no internal principle of goodness in them; flesh, or corrupt, nature, has the government of them, is the reigning principle in them; their minds are fleshly, and so are their tenets; and such is their conversation, they trust in the flesh, in outward performances, in their own righteousness, and so come under the curse; for as many as trust in an arm of flesh, or are of the works of the law, are under the curse of it: persecuted him that was born after the Spirit : by whom is meant Isaac, who, though he was not conceived under the overshadowings of the Holy Spirit, without the help of man, as Christ was; yet because of the divine power which was so eminently displayed in his conception and generation, under all the difficulties, and disadvantages, and seeming impossibilities of nature, he is said to be born after the Spirit: and besides, he was also regenerated by the Spirit of God, was a good man, and one that feared the Lord, as the whole account of him shows; and in this also fitly pointed out the spiritual seed, true believers, under the Gospel dispensation, who are born again of water, and of the Spirit, and are renewed in the spirit of their minds; in whom the work of the Spirit is begun, and grace is the governing principle; in whom the Spirit of God dwells and operates; and whose conversation is spiritual, and who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit. The persecution of Isaac by Ishmael was by mocking him, ( Genesis 21:9) the Hebrew word there made use of is in allusion to Isaac's name, which signifies laughter: and Ishmael laughed at him, jeered and derided him. The Jewish doctors are divided about the sense of this: some say that the word rendered mocking is expressive of idolatry, according to ( Exodus 32:6) and that Ishmael would have taught Isaac, and drawn him into it; others that it signifies uncleanness, according to ( Genesis 39:17) and that he talked to him in a lascivious and indecent manner, in order to corrupt his mind: others that it designs murder according to ( 2 Samuel 2:14) and that he intended to kill him, and attempted it f97 ; it is pretty much received by them, that either he finding him alone, or they going out to the field together, he took his bow and drew it, and shot an arrow at him, with an intention to kill him f98 , though he pretended it was but in play: and one of their writers on the text says f99 , that the word used, by gematry, that is, by the arithmetic of the letters, signifies gwrhl , to slay; so that this persecution was not by words only, but by deeds: but others of them more rightly think, that it meant a contention about the inheritance, which Sarah's words to Abraham seem to confirm; and that Ishmael claimed the birthright, and despised Isaac as the younger son; insisted upon the right to the inheritance, and mocked at the promise of God, with respect to Isaac; and might threaten what he would do to him, should he claim it thereupon: mocking has been always reckoned a species of persecution; so the Old Testament saints, among other instances of persecution, had trial of cruel mockings; thus our Lord was persecuted, and also his apostles and even so it is now . The carnal Jews, who trusted in themselves that they were righteous, and despised others, persecuted the spiritual seed that believed in Christ, both by words and deeds; they confiscated their goods, imprisoned their persons, and even put them to death; and the false teachers, though they did not, and could not go such lengths, yet as persons fitly represented by Ishmael, they derided the apostles, and mocked at the doctrines of grace preached by them, and despised those that embraced them; and pleaded that the inheritance belonged to them, upon the foot of the works of the law: and so it is at this day; though there is no persecution of men's persons and estates, yet there never was a greater persecution of the doctrines of grace, and of the righteousness of Christ, and the saints more mocked at and derided for maintaining them; and that by persons just of the same complexion as those in the apostle's time, signified by Ishmael, carnal professors, and self-righteous persons.

Matthew Henry Commentary

Verses 28-31 - The history thus explained is applied. So then,
brethren, we are no children of the bond-woman, but of the free. If the privileges of all believers were so great, according to the new covenant, how absurd for the Gentile converts to be under that law, which could not deliver the unbelieving Jews from bondage or condemnation! We should not have foun out this allegory in the history of Sarah and Hagar, if it had not bee shown to us, yet we cannot doubt it was intended by the Holy Spirit. It is an explanation of the subject, not an argument in proof of it. The two covenants of works and grace, and legal and evangelical professors are shadowed forth. Works and fruits brought forth in a man's ow strength, are legal. But if arising from faith in Christ, they ar evangelical. The first covenant spirit is of bondage unto sin an death. The second covenant spirit is of liberty and freedom; no liberty to sin, but in and unto duty. The first is a spirit of persecution; the second is a spirit of love. Let those professors loo to it, who have a violent, harsh, imposing spirit, towards the people of God. Yet as Abraham turned aside to Hagar, so it is possible believer may turn aside in some things to the covenant of works, when through unbelief and neglect of the promise he acts according to the law, in his own strength; or in a way of violence, not of love, toward the brethren. Yet it is not his way, not his spirit to do so; hence he is never at rest, till he returns to his dependence on Christ again Let us rest our souls on the Scriptures, and by a gospel hope an cheerful obedience, show that our conversation and treasure are indee in heaven __________________________________________________________________


Greek Textus Receptus


αλλα
235 CONJ τι 5101 I-ASN λεγει 3004 5719 V-PAI-3S η 3588 T-NSF γραφη 1124 N-NSF εκβαλε 1544 5628 V-2AAM-2S την 3588 T-ASF παιδισκην 3814 N-ASF και 2532 CONJ τον 3588 T-ASM υιον 5207 N-ASM αυτης 846 P-GSF ου 3756 PRT-N γαρ 1063 CONJ μη 3361 PRT-N κληρονομηση 2816 5661 V-AAS-3S ο 3588 T-NSM υιος 5207 N-NSM της 3588 T-GSF παιδισκης 3814 N-GSF μετα 3326 PREP του 3588 T-GSM υιου 5207 N-GSM της 3588 T-GSF ελευθερας 1658 A-GSF

Robertson's NT Word Studies

4:29 {
Persecuted} (ediwken). Imperfect active of diwkw, to pursue, to persecute. #Ge 21:9 has in Hebrew "laughing," but the LXX has "mocking." The Jewish tradition represents Ishmael as shooting arrows at Isaac. {So now} (houtos kai nun) the Jews were persecuting Paul and all Christians (#1Th 2:15f.).


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