John Gill's Bible Commentary Ver. 1. And when he had opened the seventh seal , etc.] That is, when the Lamb had opened the seventh and last seal of the scaled book: there was silence in heaven about the space of half an hour ; not in the third heaven, the seat of the divine Being, of angels and glorified saints, where are hallelujahs without intermission; but in the church, which is oftentimes signified by heaven in this book, and where now the throne of God was placed, in that form as described in ( Revelation 4:4-8), or rather in the Roman empire: nor is this silence the sum of this seal, or the only thing in it; for it includes the preparation of the seven angels to take their trumpets, though none of them were sounded during this period. This space of time some think refers to the time which elapsed, while the angel, who had incense given him to offer it with the prayers of saints, did so, and took fire off the altar with his censer, and cast it on the earth: and while the seven angels had their trumpets given them, and they were preparing to sound. Others are of opinion that this was only a pause, a breathing time for John between the former visions and seals, and the following; nothing being said or done, or anything exhibited to him during this interval; but he was at leisure to reflect on what he had seen, and to prepare for what was to come. Others understand it of the amazement of the saints at the judgments of God, which were coming upon the Christian empire, and of their quiet and silent preparations for these troubles and combats, both within and without, they were to be exercised with; (see Zechariah 2:13). Others have thought that this refers to the state of the saints after the day of judgment, when there will be an entire cessation from persecution and trouble, and when the souls under the altar will have done crying for vengeance; but this will be not for half an hour only, but to all eternity; nor will angels and saints be then silent. Rather this is to be understood of that peace and rest which the church enjoyed upon Constantine's having defeated all his enemies, when he brought the church into a state of profound tranquillity and ease; and this lasted but for a little while, which is here expressed by about, or almost half an hour, as the Syriac version renders it; for in a short time the Arian heresy broke out, which introduced great troubles in the church, and at last violent persecutions. The allusion is, as in the whole of the following vision of the angel at the altar, to the offering of incense; at which time the people were removed from the temple, from between the porch and altar f227 , to some more distant place; and the priest was alone while he offered incense, and then prayed a short prayer, that the people might not be affrighted lest he should be dead f228 : and who in the mean while were praying in a silent, manner without; (see Luke 1:9,10); hence the Jews say f229 , that the offering of incense atones for an ill tongue, for it is a thing that is introduced yajb , silently, and it atones for what is done silently, such as whisperings, backbitings, etc. and they call silence the best of spices, even of those of which the sweet incense was made.
Matthew Henry Commentary
Verses 1-6 - The seventh seal is opened. There was profound silence in heaven for space; all was quiet in the church, for whenever the church on eart cries through oppression, that cry reaches up to heaven; or it is silence of expectation. Trumpets were given to the angels, who were to sound them. The Lord Jesus is the High Priest of the church, having golden censer, and much incense, fulness of merit in his own glorious person. Would that men studied to know the fulness that is in Christ and endeavoured to be acquainted with his excellency. Would that the were truly persuaded that Christ has such an office as that of Intercessor, which he now performs with deep sympathy. No prayers, thu recommended, was ever denied hearing and acceptance. These prayers thus accepted in heaven, produced great changes upon earth. The Christian worship and religion, pure and heavenly in its origin an nature, when sent down to earth and conflicting with the passions an worldly projects of sinful men, produced remarkable tumults, here se forth in prophetical language, as our Lord himself declared, Lu 12:49.
Greek Textus Receptus
και 2532 CONJ οτε 3753 ADV ηνοιξεν 455 5656 V-AAI-3S την 3588 T-ASF σφραγιδα 4973 N-ASF την 3588 T-ASF εβδομην 1442 A-ASF εγενετο 1096 5633 V-2ADI-3S σιγη 4602 N-NSF εν 1722 PREP τω 3588 T-DSM ουρανω 3772 N-DSM ως 5613 ADV ημιωριον 2256 N-ASN
Vincent's NT Word Studies
1. When (ote). Read otan, the indefinite particle with the indicative mood. For a similar construction, see Mark xi. 19 (correct reading). Alford observes that it occurs in the opening of this seal only, giving it an indefiniteness which does not belong to any of the rest.There was (egeneto). More literally, come to pass. Rev., there followed. About (wv). A usual form of expression with John. See John i. 39; vi. 19; xi. 18.
