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PARALLEL HISTORY BIBLE - Micah 5:8


CHAPTERS: Micah 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7     

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LXX- Greek Septuagint - Micah 5:8

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Douay Rheims Bible

And the remnant of Jacob shall be among the Gentiles in the midst of many peoples as a lion among the beasts of the forests, and as a young lion among the docks of sheep: who when he shall go through and tread down, and take, there is none to deliver.

King James Bible - Micah 5:8

And the remnant of Jacob shall be among the Gentiles in the midst of many people as a lion among the beasts of the forest, as a young lion among the flocks of sheep: who, if he go through, both treadeth down, and teareth in pieces, and none can deliver.

World English Bible

The remnant of Jacob will be among the nations, in the midst of many peoples, like a lion among the animals of the forest, like a young lion among the flocks of sheep; who, if he goes through, treads down and tears in pieces, and there is no one to deliver.

Early Church Father Links

Npnf-114 v.iv Pg 28, Npnf-114 vi.iv Pg 28

World Wide Bible Resources


Micah 5:8

Early Christian Commentary - (A.D. 100 - A.D. 325)

Anf-01 ii.ii.xxxvi Pg 8
Ps. ii. 7, 8; Heb. i. 5.

And again He saith to Him, “Sit Thou at My right hand, until I make Thine enemies Thy footstool.”160

160


Anf-01 ix.vi.xxii Pg 11
Ps. ii. 8.

And as from the multitude of his sons the prophets of the Lord [afterwards] arose, there was every necessity that Jacob should beget sons from the two sisters, even as Christ did from the two laws of one and the same Father; and in like manner also from the handmaids, indicating that Christ should raise up sons of God, both from freemen and from slaves after the flesh, bestowing upon all, in the same manner, the gift of the Spirit, who vivifies us.4122

4122 The text of this sentence is in great confusion, and we can give only a doubtful translation.

But he (Jacob) did all things for the sake of the younger, she who had the handsome eyes,4123

4123 [Leah’s eyes were weak, according to the LXX.; and Irenæus infers that Rachel’s were “beautiful exceedingly.” Canticles, i. 15.]

Rachel, who prefigured the Church, for which Christ endured patiently; who at that time, indeed, by means of His patriarchs and prophets, was prefiguring and declaring beforehand future things, fulfilling His part by anticipation in the dispensations of God, and accustoming His inheritance to obey God, and to pass through the world as in a state of pilgrimage, to follow His word, and to indicate beforehand things to come. For with God there is nothing without purpose or due signification.


Anf-01 viii.ii.xl Pg 3
Ps. i., Ps. ii.


Anf-02 vi.iv.iv.xx Pg 18.1


Anf-03 iv.ix.xii Pg 3
Ps. ii. 7, 8.

For you will not be able to affirm that “son” to be David rather than Christ; or the “bounds of the earth” to have been promised rather to David, who reigned within the single (country of) Judea, than to Christ, who has already taken captive the whole orb with the faith of His gospel; as He says through Isaiah:  “Behold, I have given Thee for a covenant1380

1380 Dispositionem; Gr. διαθήκην.

of my family, for a light of Gentiles, that Thou mayst open the eyes of the blind”—of course, such as err—“to outloose from bonds the bound”—that is, to free them from sins—“and from the house of prison”—that is, of death—“such as sit in darkness”1381

1381


Anf-03 v.iv.v.xxv Pg 36
Ps. ii. 8.

If, indeed, he has some things of his own, the whole of which he might give to his son, along with the man of the Creator, then show some one thing of them all, as a sample, that I may believe; lest I should have as much reason not to believe that all things belong to him, of whom I see nothing, as I have ground for believing that even the things which I see not are His, to whom belongs the universe, which I see.  But “no man knoweth who the Father is, but the Son; and who the Son is, but the Father, and he to whom the Son will reveal Him.”4499

4499


Anf-03 v.iv.v.xxxix Pg 40
Ps. ii. 8.

“And all that glory shall serve Him; His dominion shall be an everlasting one, which shall not be taken from Him, and His kingdom that which shall not be destroyed,”5052

5052


Anf-03 v.iv.vi.xvii Pg 20
Ps. ii. 8.

It was He who “wrought in Christ His mighty power, by raising Him from the dead, and setting Him at His own right hand, and putting all things under His feet”5966

5966


Npnf-201 iii.vi.iii Pg 14


Npnf-201 iii.viii.viii Pg 22


Anf-02 vi.ii.viii Pg 27.1


Anf-02 vi.iv.v.xiii Pg 8.1


Anf-01 viii.iv.lxxxiii Pg 3
Or better, “His.” This quotation from Ps. cx. is put very differently from the previous quotation of the same Psalm in chap. xxxii. [Justin often quotes from memory. Kaye, cap. viii.]

enemies. In the splendour of the saints before the morning star have I begotten Thee. The Lord hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek.’ Who does not admit, then, that Hezekiah is no priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek? And who does not know that he is not the redeemer of Jerusalem? And who does not know that he neither sent a rod of power into Jerusalem, nor ruled in the midst of his enemies; but that it was God who averted from him the enemies, after he mourned and was afflicted? But our Jesus, who has not yet come in glory, has sent into Jerusalem a rod of power, namely, the word of calling and repentance [meant] for all nations over which demons held sway, as David says, ‘The gods of the nations are demons.’ And His strong word has prevailed on many to forsake the demons whom they used to serve, and by means of it to believe in the Almighty God because the gods of the nations are demons.2278

2278 This last clause is thought to be an interpolation.

And we mentioned formerly that the statement, ‘In the splendour of the saints before the morning star have I begotten Thee from the womb,’ is made to Christ.


Anf-01 viii.iv.xxxii Pg 4
Ps. cx.

‘The Lord said unto My Lord, Sit Thou at My right hand, until I make Thine enemies Thy footstool. The Lord shall send the rod of Thy strength out of Sion: rule Thou also in the midst of Thine enemies. With Thee shall be, in the day, the chief of Thy power, in the beauties of Thy saints. From the womb, before the morning star, have I begotten Thee. The Lord hath sworn, and will not repent: Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek. The Lord is at Thy right hand: He has crushed kings in the day of His wrath: He shall judge among the heathen, He shall fill [with] the dead bodies.2031

2031 πληρώσει πτώματα; Lat. version, implebit ruinas. Thirlby suggested that an omission has taken place in the mss. by the transcriber’s fault.

He shall drink of the brook in the way; therefore shall He lift up the head.’


Anf-01 viii.iv.xxxiii Pg 0


Anf-03 v.iv.vi.ix Pg 20
Ps. cx.

was a chant in honour of Hezekiah,5599

5599 In Ezechiam cecinisse.

because “he went up to the house of the Lord,”5600

5600


Anf-03 v.iv.vi.ix Pg 23
Tertullian, as usual, argues from the Septuagint, which in the latter clause of Ps. cx. 3 has ἐκ γαστρὸς πρὸ ἑωσφόρου ἐγέννησά σε; and so the Vulgate version has it. This Psalm has been variously applied by the Jews. Raschi (or Rabbi Sol. Jarchi) thinks it is most suitable to Abraham, and possibly to David, in which latter view D. Kimchi agrees with him.  Others find in Solomon the best application; but more frequently is Hezekiah thought to be the subject of the Psalm, as Tertullian observes. Justin Martyr (in Dial. cum Tryph.) also notices this application of the Psalm. But Tertullian in the next sentence appears to recognize the sounder opinion of the older Jews, who saw in this Ps. cx. a prediction of Messiah.  This opinion occurs in the Jerusalem Talmud, in the tract Berachoth, 5. Amongst the more recent Jews who also hold the sounder view, may be mentioned Rabbi Saadias Gaon, on Dan. vii. 13, and R. Moses Hadarsan [singularly enough quoted by Raschi in another part of his commentary (Gen. xxxv. 8)], with others who are mentioned by Wetstein, On the New Testament, Matt. xxii. 44. Modern Jews, such as Moses Mendelsohn, reject the Messianic sense; and they are followed by the commentators of the Rationalist school amongst ourselves and in Germany. J. Olshausen, after Hitzig, comes down in his interpretation of the Psalm as late as the Maccabees, and sees a suitable accomplishment of its words in the honours heaped upon Jonathan by Alexander son of Antiochus Epiphanes (see 1 Macc. x. 20). For the refutation of so inadequate a commentary, the reader is referred to Delitzch on Ps. cx. The variations of opinion, however, in this school, are as remarkable as the fluctuations of the Jewish writers. The latest work on the Psalms which has appeared amongst us (Psalms, chronologically arranged, by four Friends), after Ewald, places the accomplishment of Ps. cx. in what may be allowed to have been its occasionDavid’s victories over the neighboring heathen.

are applicable to Hezekiah, and to the birth of Hezekiah. We on our side5602

5602 Nos.

have published Gospels (to the credibility of which we have to thank5603

5603 Debemus.

them5604

5604 Istos: that is, the Jews (Rigalt.).

for having given some confirmation, indeed, already in so great a subject5605

5605 Utique jam in tanto opere.

); and these declare that the Lord was born at night, that so it might be “before the morning star,” as is evident both from the star especially, and from the testimony of the angel, who at night announced to the shepherds that Christ had at that moment been born,5606

5606 Natum esse quum maxime.

and again from the place of the birth, for it is towards night that persons arrive at the (eastern) “inn.” Perhaps, too, there was a mystic purpose in Christ’s being born at night, destined, as He was, to be the light of the truth amidst the dark shadows of ignorance. Nor, again, would God have said, “I have begotten Thee,” except to His true Son.  For although He says of all the people (Israel), “I have begotten5607

5607 Generavi: Sept. ἐγέννησα.

children,”5608

5608


Anf-01 viii.iv.lxxxiii Pg 3
Or better, “His.” This quotation from Ps. cx. is put very differently from the previous quotation of the same Psalm in chap. xxxii. [Justin often quotes from memory. Kaye, cap. viii.]

enemies. In the splendour of the saints before the morning star have I begotten Thee. The Lord hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek.’ Who does not admit, then, that Hezekiah is no priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek? And who does not know that he is not the redeemer of Jerusalem? And who does not know that he neither sent a rod of power into Jerusalem, nor ruled in the midst of his enemies; but that it was God who averted from him the enemies, after he mourned and was afflicted? But our Jesus, who has not yet come in glory, has sent into Jerusalem a rod of power, namely, the word of calling and repentance [meant] for all nations over which demons held sway, as David says, ‘The gods of the nations are demons.’ And His strong word has prevailed on many to forsake the demons whom they used to serve, and by means of it to believe in the Almighty God because the gods of the nations are demons.2278

2278 This last clause is thought to be an interpolation.

And we mentioned formerly that the statement, ‘In the splendour of the saints before the morning star have I begotten Thee from the womb,’ is made to Christ.


Anf-01 viii.iv.xxxii Pg 4
Ps. cx.

‘The Lord said unto My Lord, Sit Thou at My right hand, until I make Thine enemies Thy footstool. The Lord shall send the rod of Thy strength out of Sion: rule Thou also in the midst of Thine enemies. With Thee shall be, in the day, the chief of Thy power, in the beauties of Thy saints. From the womb, before the morning star, have I begotten Thee. The Lord hath sworn, and will not repent: Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek. The Lord is at Thy right hand: He has crushed kings in the day of His wrath: He shall judge among the heathen, He shall fill [with] the dead bodies.2031

2031 πληρώσει πτώματα; Lat. version, implebit ruinas. Thirlby suggested that an omission has taken place in the mss. by the transcriber’s fault.

He shall drink of the brook in the way; therefore shall He lift up the head.’


Anf-01 viii.iv.xxxiii Pg 0


Anf-03 v.iv.vi.ix Pg 20
Ps. cx.

was a chant in honour of Hezekiah,5599

5599 In Ezechiam cecinisse.

because “he went up to the house of the Lord,”5600

5600


Anf-03 v.iv.vi.ix Pg 23
Tertullian, as usual, argues from the Septuagint, which in the latter clause of Ps. cx. 3 has ἐκ γαστρὸς πρὸ ἑωσφόρου ἐγέννησά σε; and so the Vulgate version has it. This Psalm has been variously applied by the Jews. Raschi (or Rabbi Sol. Jarchi) thinks it is most suitable to Abraham, and possibly to David, in which latter view D. Kimchi agrees with him.  Others find in Solomon the best application; but more frequently is Hezekiah thought to be the subject of the Psalm, as Tertullian observes. Justin Martyr (in Dial. cum Tryph.) also notices this application of the Psalm. But Tertullian in the next sentence appears to recognize the sounder opinion of the older Jews, who saw in this Ps. cx. a prediction of Messiah.  This opinion occurs in the Jerusalem Talmud, in the tract Berachoth, 5. Amongst the more recent Jews who also hold the sounder view, may be mentioned Rabbi Saadias Gaon, on Dan. vii. 13, and R. Moses Hadarsan [singularly enough quoted by Raschi in another part of his commentary (Gen. xxxv. 8)], with others who are mentioned by Wetstein, On the New Testament, Matt. xxii. 44. Modern Jews, such as Moses Mendelsohn, reject the Messianic sense; and they are followed by the commentators of the Rationalist school amongst ourselves and in Germany. J. Olshausen, after Hitzig, comes down in his interpretation of the Psalm as late as the Maccabees, and sees a suitable accomplishment of its words in the honours heaped upon Jonathan by Alexander son of Antiochus Epiphanes (see 1 Macc. x. 20). For the refutation of so inadequate a commentary, the reader is referred to Delitzch on Ps. cx. The variations of opinion, however, in this school, are as remarkable as the fluctuations of the Jewish writers. The latest work on the Psalms which has appeared amongst us (Psalms, chronologically arranged, by four Friends), after Ewald, places the accomplishment of Ps. cx. in what may be allowed to have been its occasionDavid’s victories over the neighboring heathen.

are applicable to Hezekiah, and to the birth of Hezekiah. We on our side5602

5602 Nos.

have published Gospels (to the credibility of which we have to thank5603

5603 Debemus.

them5604

5604 Istos: that is, the Jews (Rigalt.).

for having given some confirmation, indeed, already in so great a subject5605

5605 Utique jam in tanto opere.

); and these declare that the Lord was born at night, that so it might be “before the morning star,” as is evident both from the star especially, and from the testimony of the angel, who at night announced to the shepherds that Christ had at that moment been born,5606

5606 Natum esse quum maxime.

and again from the place of the birth, for it is towards night that persons arrive at the (eastern) “inn.” Perhaps, too, there was a mystic purpose in Christ’s being born at night, destined, as He was, to be the light of the truth amidst the dark shadows of ignorance. Nor, again, would God have said, “I have begotten Thee,” except to His true Son.  For although He says of all the people (Israel), “I have begotten5607

5607 Generavi: Sept. ἐγέννησα.

children,”5608

5608


Anf-03 v.iv.v.xxxix Pg 13
Zech. ix. 15, 16 (Septuagint).

etc. And that you may not suppose that these predictions refer to such sufferings as await them from so many wars with strangers,5026

5026 Allophylis.

consider the nature (of the sufferings).  In a prophecy of wars which were to be waged with legitimate arms, no one would think of enumerating stones as weapons, which are better known in popular crowds and unarmed tumults.  Nobody measures the copious streams of blood which flow in war by bowlfuls, nor limits it to what is shed upon a single altar. No one gives the name of sheep to those who fall in battle with arms in hand, and while repelling force with force, but only to those who are slain, yielding themselves up in their own place of duty and with patience, rather than fighting in self-defence. In short, as he says, “they roll as sacred stones,” and not like soldiers fight.  Stones are they, even foundation stones, upon which we are ourselves edified—“built,” as St. Paul says, “upon the foundation of the apostles,”5027

5027


Anf-03 v.iv.v.xxxix Pg 13
Zech. ix. 15, 16 (Septuagint).

etc. And that you may not suppose that these predictions refer to such sufferings as await them from so many wars with strangers,5026

5026 Allophylis.

consider the nature (of the sufferings).  In a prophecy of wars which were to be waged with legitimate arms, no one would think of enumerating stones as weapons, which are better known in popular crowds and unarmed tumults.  Nobody measures the copious streams of blood which flow in war by bowlfuls, nor limits it to what is shed upon a single altar. No one gives the name of sheep to those who fall in battle with arms in hand, and while repelling force with force, but only to those who are slain, yielding themselves up in their own place of duty and with patience, rather than fighting in self-defence. In short, as he says, “they roll as sacred stones,” and not like soldiers fight.  Stones are they, even foundation stones, upon which we are ourselves edified—“built,” as St. Paul says, “upon the foundation of the apostles,”5027

5027


Anf-01 ix.iv.xxi Pg 26
Joel iii. 16; Amos i. 2.

And that it is from that region which is towards the south of the inheritance of Judah that the Son of God shall come, who is God, and who was from Bethlehem, where the Lord was born [and] will send out His praise through all the earth, thus3705

3705 As Massuet observes, we must either expunge “sciut” altogether, or read “sic” as above.

says the prophet Habakkuk: “God shall come from the south, and the Holy One from Mount Effrem. His power covered the heavens over, and the earth is full of His praise. Before His face shall go forth the Word, and His feet shall advance in the plains.”3706

3706


Anf-01 ix.vi.xxxiv Pg 65
Joel iii. 16.

and, “In Judah is God known;”4306

4306


Anf-01 ix.vi.xxxiv Pg 62
Ps. xlv. 3, 4.

And whatever other things of a like nature are spoken regarding Him, these indicated that beauty and splendour which exist in His kingdom, along with the transcendent and pre-eminent exaltation [belonging] to all who are under His sway, that those who hear might desire to be found there, doing such things as are pleasing to God. Again, there are those who say, “He is a man, and who shall know him?”4303

4303


Anf-01 viii.iv.xxxviii Pg 0


Anf-02 iv.ii.ii.x Pg 3.1


Anf-03 v.iv.iv.vii Pg 15
Ps. xlv. 2, 3.

For the Father, after making Him a little lower than the angels, “will crown Him with glory and honour, and put all things under His feet.”3193

3193


Anf-03 iv.ix.ix Pg 32
Ps. xlv. 3, clause 1 (in LXX. Ps. xliv. 4).

But what do you read above concerning the Christ? “Blooming in beauty above the sons of men; grace is outpoured in thy lips.”1277

1277


Anf-03 v.iv.iv.xiv Pg 3
Ps. xlv. 3.

But what do you read about Christ just before? “Thou art fairer than the children of men; grace is poured forth upon Thy lips.”3287

3287


Anf-03 v.iv.vi.xviii Pg 11
Ps. xlv. 3.

or by Isaiah as “taking away the spoils of Samaria and the power of Damascus,”6012

6012


Anf-03 v.iv.v.xxxix Pg 13
Zech. ix. 15, 16 (Septuagint).

etc. And that you may not suppose that these predictions refer to such sufferings as await them from so many wars with strangers,5026

5026 Allophylis.

consider the nature (of the sufferings).  In a prophecy of wars which were to be waged with legitimate arms, no one would think of enumerating stones as weapons, which are better known in popular crowds and unarmed tumults.  Nobody measures the copious streams of blood which flow in war by bowlfuls, nor limits it to what is shed upon a single altar. No one gives the name of sheep to those who fall in battle with arms in hand, and while repelling force with force, but only to those who are slain, yielding themselves up in their own place of duty and with patience, rather than fighting in self-defence. In short, as he says, “they roll as sacred stones,” and not like soldiers fight.  Stones are they, even foundation stones, upon which we are ourselves edified—“built,” as St. Paul says, “upon the foundation of the apostles,”5027

5027


Anf-03 v.iv.v.xxxix Pg 13
Zech. ix. 15, 16 (Septuagint).

etc. And that you may not suppose that these predictions refer to such sufferings as await them from so many wars with strangers,5026

5026 Allophylis.

consider the nature (of the sufferings).  In a prophecy of wars which were to be waged with legitimate arms, no one would think of enumerating stones as weapons, which are better known in popular crowds and unarmed tumults.  Nobody measures the copious streams of blood which flow in war by bowlfuls, nor limits it to what is shed upon a single altar. No one gives the name of sheep to those who fall in battle with arms in hand, and while repelling force with force, but only to those who are slain, yielding themselves up in their own place of duty and with patience, rather than fighting in self-defence. In short, as he says, “they roll as sacred stones,” and not like soldiers fight.  Stones are they, even foundation stones, upon which we are ourselves edified—“built,” as St. Paul says, “upon the foundation of the apostles,”5027

5027


Anf-01 ix.iv.xxi Pg 26
Joel iii. 16; Amos i. 2.

And that it is from that region which is towards the south of the inheritance of Judah that the Son of God shall come, who is God, and who was from Bethlehem, where the Lord was born [and] will send out His praise through all the earth, thus3705

3705 As Massuet observes, we must either expunge “sciut” altogether, or read “sic” as above.

says the prophet Habakkuk: “God shall come from the south, and the Holy One from Mount Effrem. His power covered the heavens over, and the earth is full of His praise. Before His face shall go forth the Word, and His feet shall advance in the plains.”3706

3706


Anf-01 ix.vi.xxxiv Pg 65
Joel iii. 16.

and, “In Judah is God known;”4306

4306


Anf-01 ix.vi.xxxiv Pg 62
Ps. xlv. 3, 4.

And whatever other things of a like nature are spoken regarding Him, these indicated that beauty and splendour which exist in His kingdom, along with the transcendent and pre-eminent exaltation [belonging] to all who are under His sway, that those who hear might desire to be found there, doing such things as are pleasing to God. Again, there are those who say, “He is a man, and who shall know him?”4303

4303


Anf-01 viii.iv.xxxviii Pg 0


Anf-02 iv.ii.ii.x Pg 3.1


Anf-03 v.iv.iv.vii Pg 15
Ps. xlv. 2, 3.

For the Father, after making Him a little lower than the angels, “will crown Him with glory and honour, and put all things under His feet.”3193

3193


Anf-03 iv.ix.ix Pg 32
Ps. xlv. 3, clause 1 (in LXX. Ps. xliv. 4).

But what do you read above concerning the Christ? “Blooming in beauty above the sons of men; grace is outpoured in thy lips.”1277

1277


Anf-03 v.iv.iv.xiv Pg 3
Ps. xlv. 3.

But what do you read about Christ just before? “Thou art fairer than the children of men; grace is poured forth upon Thy lips.”3287

3287


Anf-03 v.iv.vi.xviii Pg 11
Ps. xlv. 3.

or by Isaiah as “taking away the spoils of Samaria and the power of Damascus,”6012

6012


Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge, Chapter 5

VERSE 	(8) - 

Mic 4:13 Ps 2:8-12; 110:5,6 Isa 41:15,16 Ob 1:18,19 Zec 9:15; 10:5


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