John Gill's Bible Commentary Ver. 6. One God and Father of all , &c.] That there is but one God is the voice of nature and of revelation; and may be concluded from the perfections of deity, for there can be but one eternal, infinite, immense, omnipotent, all-sufficient, perfect, and independent Being; and from one first cause of all things, and the relations he stands in to his creatures: there is but one God, who is truly, and really, and properly God, in opposition to all nominal and figurative deities, and which are not gods by nature, and to the fictitious deities and idols of the nations; and there is but one God of Jews and Gentiles; nor is the unity of the Godhead inconsistent with a trinity of persons in it: and this one God is the Father of all; the Father of all mercies, and of all spirits, both angels and souls of men; and he is the Father of the Lord Jesus Christ, and of all the elect in him: and seeing that they have all one covenant God and Father, who has predestinated them to the adoption of children, and who has put them among the children, and adopted them into his family, and stand in the same relation to him, and enjoy the same privileges, they ought to love as brethren: who is above all ; which may denote the superior excellency of his nature, not above his Son and Spirit, who are of the same nature with him, but above angels and men; and the extensiveness of his government, over all creatures in general, and over his church and people in particular: and through all ; the Arabic version renders it, taking care of all; which may have respect to his providence, which is either universal, and reaches to all creatures his hands have made; or special, and concerns his own chosen people, who belong to his family, and to whom he stands in the relation of a covenant God and Father: or this clause may refer to the perfections of his nature, which appear through the whole of the salvation of all the chosen ones; as his wisdom, love, grace, mercy, justice, holiness, truth, and faithfulness: and in you all ; which is to be understood, not of his being in his creatures, by his powerful presence, which is everywhere supporting them; but of the gracious union there is between him and his people, and of his gracious inhabitation in them by his Spirit. The Vulgate Latin, Syriac, and Arabic versions, the Complutensian edition, and some copies, read, in us all; and the Alexandrian copy, and the Ethiopic version, read only, in all.
Matthew Henry Commentary
Verses 1-6 - Nothing is pressed more earnestly in the Scriptures, than to walk a becomes those called to Christ's kingdom and glory. By lowliness understand humility, which is opposed to pride. By meekness, tha excellent disposition of soul, which makes men unwilling to provoke and not easily to be provoked or offended. We find much in ourselve for which we can hardly forgive ourselves; therefore we must not be surprised if we find in others that which we think it hard to forgive There is one Christ in whom all believers hope, and one heaven they ar all hoping for; therefore they should be of one heart. They had all on faith, as to its object, Author, nature, and power. They all believe the same as to the great truths of religion; they had all been admitte into the church by one baptism, with water, in the name of the Father and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost, as the sign of regeneration. I all believers God the Father dwells, as in his holy temple, by his Spirit and special grace.
Greek Textus Receptus
εις 1520 A-NSM θεος 2316 N-NSM και 2532 CONJ πατηρ 3962 N-NSM παντων 3956 A-GPM ο 3588 T-NSM επι 1909 PREP παντων 3956 A-GPM και 2532 CONJ δια 1223 PREP παντων 3956 A-GPM και 2532 CONJ εν 1722 PREP πασιν 3956 A-DPM υμιν 5213 P-2DP
Vincent's NT Word Studies
6. One God and Father. The fundamental ground of unity. Note the climax: One Church, one Christ, one God.Above all (epi pantwn). Rev, over: as ruler.
Through - in (dia - en). Through, pervading: in, indwelling. Compare ch. ii. 22; iii. 17.
Robertson's NT Word Studies
4:6 {One God and Father of all} (heis qeos kai pater pantwn). Not a separate God for each nation or religion. One God for all men. See here the Trinity again (Father, Jesus, Holy Spirit). {Who is over all} (ho epi pantwn), {and through all} (kai dia pantwn), {and in all} (kai en pasin). Thus by three prepositions (epi, dia, en) Paul has endeavored to express the universal sweep and power of God in men's lives. The pronouns (pantwn, pantwn, pasin) can be all masculine, all neuter, or part one or the other. The last "in all" is certainly masculine and probably all are.
