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PARALLEL HISTORY BIBLE - Lamentations 1:8


CHAPTERS: Lamentations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5     

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LXX- Greek Septuagint - Lamentations 1:8

αμαρτιαν 266 ημαρτεν 264 5627 ιερουσαλημ 2419 δια 1223 2203 τουτο 5124 εις 1519 σαλον εγενετο 1096 5633 παντες 3956 οι 3588 δοξαζοντες 1392 5723 αυτην 846 εταπεινωσαν αυτην 846 ειδον 1492 5627 γαρ 1063 την 3588 ασχημοσυνην 808 αυτης 846 και 2532 γε 1065 αυτη 846 3778 στεναζουσα και 2532 απεστραφη οπισω 3694

Douay Rheims Bible

Heth. Jerusalem hath grievously sinned, therefore is she become unstable: all that honoured her have despised her, because they have seen her shame: but she sighed and turned backward.

King James Bible - Lamentations 1:8

Jerusalem hath grievously sinned; therefore she is removed: all that honoured her despise her, because they have seen her nakedness: yea, she sigheth, and turneth backward.

World English Bible

Jerusalem has grievously sinned; therefore she is become as an unclean thing; all who honored her despise her, because they have seen her nakedness: yes, she sighs, and turns backward.

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Npnf-206 v.LIII Pg 134

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Lamentations 1:8

Early Christian Commentary - (A.D. 100 - A.D. 325)

Anf-01 ii.ii.li Pg 5
Ex. xiv.

for no other reason than that their foolish hearts were hardened, after so many signs and wonders had been wrought in the land of Egypt by Moses the servant of God.


Anf-03 vi.ii.xii Pg 10
Cod. Sin. has, “and He shall make him alive.”

[to others], whom they believed to have destroyed on the cross1614

1614 Literally, “the sign.”

when Israel was failing. For since transgression was committed by Eve through means of the serpent, [the Lord] brought it to pass that every [kind of] serpents bit them, and they died,1615

1615


Anf-03 iv.ix.viii Pg 10
See Dan. ix . 24–; 27. It seemed best to render with the strictest literality, without regard to anything else; as an idea will thus then be given of the condition of the text, which, as it stands, differs widely, as will be seen, from the Hebrew and also from the LXX., as it stands in the ed. Tisch. Lips. 1860, to which I always adapt my references.


Anf-02 ii.ii.i Pg 23.1


Anf-03 v.iv.v.xxii Pg 42
Tertullian, by introducing this statement with an “inquit,” seems to make a quotation of it; but it is only a comment on the actual quotations. Tertullian’s invariable object in this argument is to match some event or word pertaining to the Christ of the New Testament with some declaration of the Old Testament. In this instance the approving words of God upon the mount are in Heb. i. 5 applied to the Son, while in Ps. ii. 7 the Son applies them to Himself. Compare the Adversus Praxean, chap. xix. (Fr. Junius and Oehler). It is, however, more likely that Tertullian really means to quote Isa. xliv. 26, “that confirmeth the word of His servant,” which Tertullian reads, “Sistens verba filii sui,” the Septuagint being, Καὶ ἰστῶν ῥῆμα παιδὸς αὐτοῦ.

He establishes the words of His Son, when He says, “This is my beloved Son, hear ye Him.” Therefore, even if there be made a transfer of the obedient “hearing” from Moses and Elias to4359

4359 In Christo. In with an ablative is often used by our author for in with an accusative.

Christ, it is still not from another God, or to another Christ; but from4360

4360 Or perhaps “by the Creator.”

the Creator to His Christ, in consequence of the departure of the old covenant and the supervening of the new. “Not an ambassador, nor an angel, but He Himself,” says Isaiah, “shall save them;”4361

4361


Anf-03 v.iv.v.xv Pg 29
1 Kings iii. 5–13.

But with respect to this man, since, when a choice was left to him, he preferred asking for what he knew to be well-pleasing to God—even wisdom—he further merited the attainment of the riches, which he did not prefer. The endowing of a man indeed with riches, is not an incongruity to God, for by the help of riches even rich men are comforted and assisted; moreover, by them many a work of justice and charity is carried out. But yet there are serious faults4009

4009 Vitia.

which accompany riches; and it is because of these that woes are denounced on the rich, even in the Gospel. “Ye have received,” says He, “your consolation;”4010

4010


Anf-03 v.iv.vi.xi Pg 6
Dan. ii. 19, 20; iii. 28, 29; iv. 34, 37" id="v.iv.vi.xi-p6.1" parsed="|Dan|2|19|2|20;|Dan|3|28|3|29;|Dan|4|34|0|0;|Dan|4|37|0|0" osisRef="Bible:Dan.2.19-Dan.2.20 Bible:Dan.3.28-Dan.3.29 Bible:Dan.4.34 Bible:Dan.4.37">Dan. ii. 19, 20; iii. 28, 29; iv. 34, 37.

Now, if the title of Father may be claimed for (Marcion’s) sterile god, how much more for the Creator? To none other than Him is it suitable, who is also “the Father of mercies,”5683

5683


Anf-01 viii.ii.li Pg 4
This prophecy occurs not in Jeremiah, but in Dan. vii. 13.

His words are: “Behold, as the Son of man He cometh in the clouds of heaven, and His angels with Him.”1875

1875


Anf-01 viii.ii.li Pg 5
Dan. vii. 13.



Anf-01 ix.iv.xx Pg 17
Dan. vii. 13.

—all these things did the Scriptures prophesy of Him.


Anf-01 ix.vi.xxxiv Pg 11
Dan. vii. 13.

bringing on the day which burns as a furnace,4263

4263 Mal. iv. 1.

and smiting the earth with the word of His mouth,4264

4264


Anf-01 ix.vi.xxxiv Pg 53
Dan. vii. 13.

and those who declared regarding Him, “They shall look on Him whom they have pierced,”4294

4294


Anf-01 ix.vi.xxi Pg 48
Dan. vii. 13, 14.

and as smiting all temporal kingdoms, and as blowing them away (ventilans ea), and as Himself filling all the earth. Then, too, is this same individual beheld as the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven, and drawing near to the Ancient of Days, and receiving from Him all power and glory, and a kingdom. “His dominion,” it is said, “is an everlasting dominion, and His kingdom shall not perish.”4100

4100


Anf-03 v.iv.iv.vii Pg 14
Dan. vii. 13, 14.

Then indeed He shall have both a glorious form, and an unsullied beauty above the sons of men. “Thou art fairer,” says (the Psalmist), “than the children of men; grace is poured into Thy lips; therefore God hath blessed Thee for ever. Gird Thy sword upon Thy thigh, O most mighty, with Thy glory and Thy majesty.”3192

3192


Anf-03 v.iv.iv.xxiv Pg 39
Dan. vii. 13.

) and so shall we ever be with the Lord,3472

3472


Anf-03 v.iv.v.x Pg 42
Dan. vii. 13.

What I have advanced might have been sufficient concerning the designation in prophecy of the Son of man. But the Scripture offers me further information, even in the interpretation of the Lord Himself. For when the Jews, who looked at Him as merely man, and were not yet sure that He was God also, as being likewise the Son of God, rightly enough said that a man could not forgive sins, but God alone, why did He not, following up their point3801

3801 Secundum intentionem eorum.

about man, answer them, that He3802

3802 Eum: that is, man.

had power to remit sins; inasmuch as, when He mentioned the Son of man, He also named a human being? except it were because He wanted, by help of the very designation “Son of man” from the book of Daniel, so to induce them to reflect3803

3803 Repercutere.

as to show them that He who remitted sins was God and man—that only Son of man, indeed, in the prophecy of Daniel, who had obtained the power of judging, and thereby, of course, of forgiving sins likewise (for He who judges also absolves); so that, when once that objection of theirs3804

3804 Scandalo isto.

was shattered to pieces by their recollection of Scripture, they might the more easily acknowledge Him to be the Son of man Himself by His own actual forgiveness of sins. I make one more observation,3805

3805 Denique.

how that He has nowhere as yet professed Himself to be the Son of God—but for the first time in this passage, in which for the first time He has remitted sins; that is, in which for the first time He has used His function of judgment, by the absolution. All that the opposite side has to allege in argument against these things, (I beg you) carefully weigh3806

3806 Dispice.

what it amounts to. For it must needs strain itself to such a pitch of infatuation as, on the one hand, to maintain that (their Christ) is also Son of man, in order to save Him from the charge of falsehood; and, on the other hand, to deny that He was born of woman, lest they grant that He was the Virgin’s son.  Since, however, the divine authority and the nature of the case, and common sense, do not admit this insane position of the heretics, we have here the opportunity of putting in a veto3807

3807 Interpellandi.

in the briefest possible terms, on the substance of Christ’s body, against Marcion’s phantoms. Since He is born of man, being the Son of man. He is body derived from body.3808

3808 Corpus ex corpore.

You may, I assure you,3809

3809 Plane: introducing the sharp irony.

more easily find a man born without a heart or without brains, like Marcion himself, than without a body, like Marcion’s Christ. And let this be the limit to your examination of the heart, or, at any rate, the brains of the heretic of Pontus.3810

3810 This is perhaps the best sense of T.’s sarcasm: “Atque adeo (thus far) inspice cor Pontici aut (or else) cerebrum.”



Anf-03 v.iv.v.xxxix Pg 37
Dan. vii. 13.

etc. “And there was given unto Him the kingly power,”5049

5049


Anf-03 v.iv.v.xli Pg 19
Dan. vii. 13.

and of David’s Psalm, that He would “sit at the right hand of God.”5111

5111


Anf-03 v.iv.vi.ix Pg 23
Tertullian, as usual, argues from the Septuagint, which in the latter clause of Ps. cx. 3 has ἐκ γαστρὸς πρὸ ἑωσφόρου ἐγέννησά σε; and so the Vulgate version has it. This Psalm has been variously applied by the Jews. Raschi (or Rabbi Sol. Jarchi) thinks it is most suitable to Abraham, and possibly to David, in which latter view D. Kimchi agrees with him.  Others find in Solomon the best application; but more frequently is Hezekiah thought to be the subject of the Psalm, as Tertullian observes. Justin Martyr (in Dial. cum Tryph.) also notices this application of the Psalm. But Tertullian in the next sentence appears to recognize the sounder opinion of the older Jews, who saw in this Ps. cx. a prediction of Messiah.  This opinion occurs in the Jerusalem Talmud, in the tract Berachoth, 5. Amongst the more recent Jews who also hold the sounder view, may be mentioned Rabbi Saadias Gaon, on Dan. vii. 13, and R. Moses Hadarsan [singularly enough quoted by Raschi in another part of his commentary (Gen. xxxv. 8)], with others who are mentioned by Wetstein, On the New Testament, Matt. xxii. 44. Modern Jews, such as Moses Mendelsohn, reject the Messianic sense; and they are followed by the commentators of the Rationalist school amongst ourselves and in Germany. J. Olshausen, after Hitzig, comes down in his interpretation of the Psalm as late as the Maccabees, and sees a suitable accomplishment of its words in the honours heaped upon Jonathan by Alexander son of Antiochus Epiphanes (see 1 Macc. x. 20). For the refutation of so inadequate a commentary, the reader is referred to Delitzch on Ps. cx. The variations of opinion, however, in this school, are as remarkable as the fluctuations of the Jewish writers. The latest work on the Psalms which has appeared amongst us (Psalms, chronologically arranged, by four Friends), after Ewald, places the accomplishment of Ps. cx. in what may be allowed to have been its occasionDavid’s victories over the neighboring heathen.

are applicable to Hezekiah, and to the birth of Hezekiah. We on our side5602

5602 Nos.

have published Gospels (to the credibility of which we have to thank5603

5603 Debemus.

them5604

5604 Istos: that is, the Jews (Rigalt.).

for having given some confirmation, indeed, already in so great a subject5605

5605 Utique jam in tanto opere.

); and these declare that the Lord was born at night, that so it might be “before the morning star,” as is evident both from the star especially, and from the testimony of the angel, who at night announced to the shepherds that Christ had at that moment been born,5606

5606 Natum esse quum maxime.

and again from the place of the birth, for it is towards night that persons arrive at the (eastern) “inn.” Perhaps, too, there was a mystic purpose in Christ’s being born at night, destined, as He was, to be the light of the truth amidst the dark shadows of ignorance. Nor, again, would God have said, “I have begotten Thee,” except to His true Son.  For although He says of all the people (Israel), “I have begotten5607

5607 Generavi: Sept. ἐγέννησα.

children,”5608

5608


Anf-03 v.vii.xv Pg 7
Dan. vii. 13.

The Apostle Paul likewise says: “The man Christ Jesus is the one Mediator between God and man.”7154

7154


Anf-03 iv.ix.xiv Pg 11
See Dan. vii. 13, 14.

Then, assuredly, is He to have an honourable mien, and a grace not “deficient more than the sons of men;” for (He will then be) “blooming in beauty in comparison with the sons of men.”1454

1454 See c. ix. med.

Grace,” says the Psalmist, “hath been outpoured in Thy lips: wherefore God hath blessed Thee unto eternity. Gird Thee Thy sword around Thy thigh, most potent in Thy bloom and beauty!”1455

1455 See c. ix. med.

while the Father withal afterwards, after making Him somewhat lower than angels, “crowned Him with glory and honour and subjected all things beneath His feet.”1456

1456


Anf-03 v.viii.xxii Pg 6
Joel iii. 9–15; Dan. vii. 13, 14.

), that “there should be signs in the sun, and in the moon, and in the stars, distress of nations with perplexity, the sea and the waves roaring, men’s hearts failing them for fear, and for looking after those things which are coming on the earth.”7416

7416


Npnf-201 iii.vi.ii Pg 57


Anf-03 vi.iv.xxix Pg 6
1 Kings xviii.; James v. 17, 18.

and yet it had not (then) received its form from Christ. But how far more amply operative is Christian prayer! It does not station the angel of dew in mid-fires,8949

8949 i.e. “the angel who preserved in the furnace the three youths besprinkled, as it were, with dewy shower” (Muratori quoted by Oehler).  [Apocrypha, The Song, etc., Song of the Three Children 26,27" id="vi.iv.xxix-p7.1">verses 26, 27.]

nor muzzle lions, nor transfer to the hungry the rustics’ bread;8950

8950


Anf-01 ix.vi.xxxiv Pg 52
Isa. vi. 1; Ps. cx. 1.

others beheld Him coming on the clouds as the Son of man;4293

4293


Anf-02 ii.ii.iii Pg 4.1
αὐτοῦ to God, in opposition to the translation given by Abp. Wake and others.

neither walks in the ordinances of His appointment, nor acts a part becoming a Christian,16

16


Anf-03 iv.ix.xi Pg 13
Or rather in Deuteronomy. See xxviii. 65 sqq.

saying, “Ye shall be ejected from the land into which ye shall enter; and in those nations ye shall not be able to rest:  and there shall be instability of the print1375

1375 Or, “sole.”

of thy foot: and God shall give thee a wearying heart, and a pining soul, and failing eyes, that they see not: and thy life shall hang on the tree1376

1376


Anf-01 viii.iv.cxxxv Pg 4
Isa. lxv. 9–12.

Such are the words of Scripture; understand, therefore, that the seed of Jacob now referred to is something else, and not, as may be supposed, spoken of your people. For it is not possible for the seed of Jacob to leave an entrance for the descendants of Jacob, or for [God] to have accepted the very same persons whom He had reproached with unfitness for the inheritance, and promise it to them again; but as there the prophet says, ‘And now, O house of Jacob, come and let us walk in the light of the Lord; for He has sent away His people, the house of Jacob, because their land was full, as at the first, of soothsayers and divinations;’2473

2473


Anf-02 vi.iii.i.v Pg 19.1


Npnf-201 iii.vi.iv Pg 7


Anf-01 viii.iv.cxl Pg 8
Isa. lxvi. 24.

And our Lord, according to the will of Him that sent Him, who is the Father and Lord of all, would not have said, ‘They shall come from the east, and from the west, and shall sit down with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven. But the children of the kingdom shall be cast out into outer darkness.’2489

2489


Anf-01 viii.iv.xliv Pg 7
Isa. lxvi. 24.

So that it becomes you to eradicate this hope from your souls, and hasten to know in what way forgiveness of sins, and a hope of inheriting the promised good things, shall be yours. But there is no other [way] than this, —to become acquainted with this Christ, to be washed in the fountain2083

2083 Some refer this to Christ’s baptism. See Cyprian, Adv. Jud. i. 24.— Otto.

spoken of by Isaiah for the remission of sins; and for the rest, to live sinless lives.”


Anf-01 vi.ii.iv Pg 3
The Latin reads, “Daniel” instead of “Enoch;” comp. Dan. ix. 24–27.

says, “For for this end the Lord has cut short the times and the days, that His Beloved may hasten; and He will come to the inheritance.” And the prophet also speaks thus: “Ten kingdoms shall reign upon the earth, and a little king shall rise up after them, who shall subdue under one three of the kings.”1470

1470


Anf-01 ix.vii.xxvi Pg 14
Dan. ix. 27.

Now three years and six months constitute the half-week.


Anf-01 vi.ii.xvi Pg 8
Dan. ix. 24–27; Hag. ii. 10.

I find, therefore, that a temple does exist. Learn, then, how it shall be built in the name of the Lord. Before we believed in God, the habitation of our heart was corrupt and weak, as being indeed like a temple made with hands. For it was full of idolatry, and was a habitation of demons, through our doing such things as were opposed to [the will of] God. But it shall be built, observe ye, in the name of the Lord, in order that the temple of the Lord may be built in glory. How? Learn [as follows]. Having received the forgiveness of sins, and placed our trust in the name of the Lord, we have become new creatures, formed again from the beginning. Wherefore in our habitation God truly dwells in us. How? His word of faith; His calling1679

1679 Cod. Sin. reads, “the calling.”

of promise; the wisdom of the statutes; the commands of the doctrine; He himself prophesying in us; He himself dwelling in us; opening to us who were enslaved by death the doors of the temple, that is, the mouth; and by giving us repentance introduced us into the incorruptible temple.1680

1680 Cod. Sin. gives the clauses of this sentence separately, each occupying a line.

He then, who wishes to be saved, looks not to man,1681

1681 That is, the man who is engaged in preaching the Gospel.

but to Him who dwelleth in him, and speaketh in him, amazed at never having either heard him utter such words with his mouth, nor himself having ever desired to hear them.1682

1682 Such is the punctuation adopted by Hefele, Dressel, and Hilgenfeld.

This is the spiritual temple built for the Lord.


Anf-02 vi.iv.i.xxi Pg 70.1


Npnf-201 iii.viii.v Pg 16


Anf-02 vi.iii.i.ix Pg 65.1


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