Adam Clarke's Bible Commentary Verse 4. I will harden Pharaoh's heart] After relenting and giving them permission to depart, he now changes his mind and determines to prevent them; and without any farther restraining grace, God permits him to rush on to his final ruin, for the cup of his iniquity was now full.
Matthew Henry Commentary
Verses 1-9 - Pharaoh would think that all Israel was entangled in the wilderness and so would become an easy prey. But God says, I will be honoured upo Pharaoh. All men being made for the honour of their Maker, those who he is not honoured by, he will be honoured upon. What seems to tend to the church's ruin, is often overruled to the ruin of the church' enemies. While Pharaoh gratified his malice and revenge, he furthere the bringing to pass God's counsels concerning him. Though with the greatest reason he had let Israel go, yet now he was angry with himsel for it. God makes the envy and rage of men against his people, torment to themselves. Those who set their faces heavenward, and wil live godly in Christ Jesus, must expect to be set upon by Satan' temptations and terrors. He will not tamely part with any out of his service.
Original Hebrew וחזקתי2388 את853 לב3820 פרעה6547 ורדף7291 אחריהם310 ואכבדה3513 בפרעה6547 ובכל3605 חילו2426 וידעו3045 מצרים4713 כי3588 אני589 יהוה3068 ויעשׂו6213 כן׃3651
